Final answer:
The Great Schism of 1054 was primarily caused by linguistic and cultural differences between Constantinople and Rome, leading to a split in the church.
Explanation:
The major cause for the Great Schism of 1054 CE between Constantinople and Rome included linguistic and cultural differences. The church in the west, centered in Rome, operated in Latin, insisted on a celibate clergy, and elevated the pope as the final authority, while the east, centered in Constantinople, used Greek, permitted priests to marry, and believed other patriarchs had equal authority to the pope.
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