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The alkenes and alkanes are both examples of homologous series which are hydrocarbons.
(a) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
(b) Give three characteristics of an homologous series.
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2
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(c) Name and draw the structure of the second member of the alkene homologous series.
Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
name
structure
(d) Alcohols can be made from alkenes.
Name the reagent and conditions needed to convert an alkene into an alcohol.

[2]
[3]
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(e) The alcohol butanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, can be converted into a carboxylic acid with four
carbon atoms.
(i) Name the carboxylic acid formed from butanol and draw its structure. Show all of the
atoms and all of the bonds.
name
structure



Answer :

Final answer:

Hydrocarbons, homologous series, alkenes, and alcohol conversion explained.


Explanation:

Hydrocarbon: A hydrocarbon is a compound made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms only.

  1. Characteristics of a homologous series:
  2. Members have the same functional group.
  3. Successive members differ by CH2 units.
  4. Members have a general formula.

Alkene Structure: The second member of the alkene homologous series is propene, with the structure CH3CHCH2.

Converting Alkene to Alcohol: The reagent needed is water (H2O), and the conditions include the presence of a strong acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4).


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