Final answer:
In a polar covalent bond, one atom gains a partial positive charge while the other atom gains a partial negative charge due to uneven electron distribution.
Explanation:
When atoms form a polar covalent bond, the electron density is unevenly distributed between the nuclei of the bonded atoms. This results in one atom carrying a partial positive charge while the other atom carries a partial negative charge. For example, in an H-Cl bond, chlorine gains a partial negative charge, and hydrogen gains a partial positive charge. This creates a dipole moment within the bond.
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