Urbanization, industrialization, and immigrant contributions to population shifts during the 19th century in the United States.
Urbanization is the process of population shift from rural to urban areas, often driven by industrialization. This shift occurred prominently during the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century, leading to cities becoming centers of population and production.
The United States provides a notable example of this phenomenon, where from 1860 to 1910, the rise of industries and improved transportation like railroads facilitated migration from rural to urban regions.
Immigrants also played a significant role, with a transition from western and northern European immigrants at the start of the century to large numbers of immigrants from southern and Eastern Europe by the late 19th to early 20th centuries, contributing to the growth of industrial cities.
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