Answer :
Final answer:
The 1848 revolution of the liberals united liberal, socialist, and nationalist movements against conservative monarchies. Liberals supported free trade, limited franchise, and individual rights, while nationalist tensions in the Balkans and France were driven by cultural nationalism and the quest for sovereignty.
Explanation:
The 1848 revolution of the liberals: The 1848 revolution of the liberals was a series of revolutions across Europe that combined liberal, socialist, and nationalist movements in opposition to conservative monarchies. It started in France and quickly spread to other countries, leading to temporary successes in instating constitutions and legal reforms.
Political, social, and economic ideas of liberals: Liberals supported ideas like free trade, limited franchise, and individual rights. Socially, they advocated for greater equality and reforms, while economically, they promoted free markets and entrepreneurship.
Nationalist tensions in the Balkans and France: Nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans and France due to cultural nationalism, industrialization, and the desire for sovereign nations. These tensions were fueled by shared identities and the push for independence.
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