Certainly! Here are the sketches and descriptions of each molecule along with the types of bonds they contain:
### a. Na₂O (Sodium Oxide)
Structure:
- Two sodium (Na) atoms each donate one electron to one oxygen (O) atom, forming ionic bonds.
Bonds:
- Ionic bonds between Na⁺ and O²⁻.
### b. CaCl₂ (Calcium Chloride)
Structure:
- One calcium (Ca) atom donates two electrons, one to each chlorine (Cl) atom, forming ionic bonds.
Bonds:
- Ionic bonds between Ca²⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
### c. CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide)
Structure:
- One carbon (C) atom is double-bonded to each of the two oxygen (O) atoms.
Bonds:
- Two double covalent bonds between C=O.
### d. H₂S (Hydrogen Sulfide)
Structure:
- One sulfur (S) atom is single-bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms.
Bonds:
- Two single covalent bonds between S-H.
### e. SO₂ (Sulfur Dioxide)
Structure:
- One sulfur (S) atom is double-bonded to one oxygen (O) atom and single-bonded to another oxygen (O) atom, with a lone pair on sulfur, creating a bent structure.
Bonds:
- One double covalent bond (S=O) and one single covalent bond (S-O).
### f. Cl₂ (Chlorine Gas)
Structure:
- Two chlorine (Cl) atoms are single-bonded to each other.
Bonds:
- One single covalent bond (Cl-Cl).
### g. H₂O (Water)
Structure:
- One oxygen (O) atom is single-bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms, forming a bent structure.
Bonds:
- Two single covalent bonds (H-O-H).
### h. O₂ (Oxygen Gas)
Structure:
- Two oxygen (O) atoms are double-bonded to each other.
Bonds:
- One double covalent bond (O=O).
### i. N₂ (Nitrogen Gas)
Structure:
- Two nitrogen (N) atoms are triple-bonded to each other.
Bonds:
- One triple covalent bond (N≡N).
### j. CH₄ (Methane)
Structure:
- One carbon (C) atom is single-bonded to four hydrogen (H) atoms, forming a tetrahedral structure.
Bonds:
- Four single covalent bonds (C-H).
Please follow the bond descriptions and structure hints to visualize each molecular structure accurately.
