Final answer:
Mountains in East and Southern Africa influence climate, settlement patterns, and biodiversity.
Explanation:
Mountains have significant impacts on both the physical and human geography of East and Southern Africa. They act as barriers that affect climate patterns, leading to variations in temperature and precipitation across regions. Additionally, mountains influence settlement patterns, as valleys provide fertile lands for agriculture, while rugged terrains may limit human habitation. For example, the Great Rift Valley in East Africa is a prominent geographical feature that has influenced the region's landscape and biodiversity.
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