Answer :
Elastic deformation is reversible and follows Hooke's law, occurring at low stress levels. Plastic deformation is irreversible, starting beyond the elastic limit and leading to permanent changes. The yield point marks the transition between these two types of deformation.
- In the study of materials, elastic deformation and plastic deformation are two important concepts. Elastic deformation refers to the temporary change in shape or size of a material when a stress is applied. The material returns to its original shape once the stress is removed. This is generally observed at low stress levels and follows Hooke's law, which states that stress is proportional to strain. The slope in this region on a stress-strain curve is called the elastic modulus.
- On the other hand, plastic deformation occurs when a material is subjected to stress beyond its elastic limit. In this state, the material deforms permanently and does not return to its original shape even after the stress is removed. This behavior is non-linear and is often considered at higher stress levels. The yield point is the point at which elastic deformation transitions to plastic deformation. Beyond this point, further stress may lead to fracture, where the material breaks apart.
In summary, the key distinction between elastic and plastic deformation lies in the reversibility of the deformation. Elastic deformation is reversible, while plastic deformation is permanent.
