The discovery of bacteria challenged spontaneous generation theories; Pasteur's experiment prevented microbial growth; Wöhler's synthesis changed organic molecule perspectives.
Discovery of Bacteria Reopening Debate on Spontaneous Generation: The discovery of bacteria led to a reevaluation of the theory of spontaneous generation because the presence of these microorganisms challenged the idea that life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
Expectation of Microbial Growth in Pasteur's Experiment: In Pasteur's experiment with the bent flask, microbial growth would not be expected in the loop of the flask due to the design preventing external airborne microorganisms from reaching the broth, demonstrating that contamination only occurs when the flask's neck is broken or removed.
Significance of Wöhler's Synthesis of Urea: Wöhler's synthesis of urea transformed thinking about organic molecules by disproving the vitalistic idea that organic compounds could only be synthesized by living organisms, showing that they could be created from inorganic substances through chemical processes.
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