Movie protests have been part of cinema's history, reflecting societal concerns and controversies. Let's analyze the options:
a. The Birth of a Nation: This 1915 silent film directed by D. W. Griffith sparked significant controversy due to its portrayal of African Americans and its glorification of the Ku Klux Klan. It was indeed protested against its release, particularly by civil rights groups.
b. The Squaw Man: This 1914 film directed by Cecil B. DeMille was one of the earliest feature-length films in the United States. While it was notable for various reasons, there's no significant record of it being protested against its release.
c. The Great Train Robbery: Released in 1903, this film directed by Edwin S. Porter is a landmark in cinema history as one of the earliest narrative films. It was immensely popular but did not face significant protests upon its release.
d. In Old California: This 1910 film directed by D. W. Griffith was one of his early works. While Griffith's later films, like "The Birth of a Nation," faced protests, there's no notable record of protests against "In Old California."
So, among the options provided, the movie protested against its release was: a. The Birth of a Nation.