The Ottoman and British Empires expanded through conquest for land, control over trade routes, and cultural superiority.
The Ottoman Empire in the 1400s and the British Empire in the 1800s were able to expand their empires through conquest primarily due to a desire to acquire land and control over trade routes.
Both empires used advanced technologies, military prowess, and fear to expand their borders and legitimize their dominance. Imperialists developed feelings of cultural superiority over conquered territories, which fueled their conquests and territorial expansions.
European monarchs invested in maritime technology and naval power to explore new markets and circumvent existing empires. The British, in particular, seized opportunities in India during the decline of the Mughal Empire to expand their colonial reach.
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