Final answer:
Judicial review is the power of courts to declare laws or actions unconstitutional, established by the Supreme Court in Marbury v. Madison in 1803.
Explanation:
Judicial review is the power of the courts to overturn laws or actions of Congress and the Executive Branch if they are deemed unconstitutional. This principle was established by the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803, allowing courts to check the constitutionality of laws and actions.
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