Final answer:
Pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers are essential for maintaining genetic isolation between species, crucial for speciation.
Explanation:
Pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers are mechanisms that prevent reproduction at different stages. Pre-zygotic barriers block reproduction before fertilization, such as temporal isolation or behavioral barriers, while post-zygotic barriers occur after fertilization, like hybrid inviability or hybrid sterility. These barriers play a crucial role in speciation by maintaining genetic isolation between species.
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