Final answer:
Functionalism in psychology, influenced by the theory of natural selection, explores how mental activities support adaptation and survival.
Explanation:
Functionalism in psychology emerged as a perspective that focused on understanding the adaptive functions of mental activities in organisms.
William James, along with other key figures like John Dewey, supported the idea that psychology should study how behaviors and mental processes help individuals fit into their environments.
This approach was influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, emphasizing the importance of behaviors that have evolved for survival and reproduction.
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