Answer :

The bacteria that is a major cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers is called (Helicobacter pylori).

Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that can colonize the stomach lining and cause inflammation, which can lead to the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers. These ulcers are painful sores that can form in the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). H. pylori infection is a common cause of these ulcers, along with other factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medications.