Final answer:
When an electromagnetic wave interacts with a material, it can be transmitted, reflected, or absorbed based on the properties of the material and the wave. These interactions are crucial in understanding how waves behave when they encounter different substances.
Explanation:
When an electromagnetic wave impinges on a material, it can be transmitted if the material is transparent to that frequency, reflected if the material is opaque, or absorbed if there is an interaction between the wave and the material. For example, light waves can reflect off surfaces, like a red piece of cloth reflecting red light, or be absorbed by materials, such as glow-in-the-dark plastics.
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