Final answer:
Proteins are composed of 20 amino acids, with essential ones that need to be obtained from the diet. These compounds are crucial for various biological processes across different organisms.
Explanation:
Proteins are compounds made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sometimes sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P). They are constructed from a set of 20 amino acids, with some amino acids considered essential as they must be obtained from the diet. All living species, from bacteria to humans, use these same amino acids for protein synthesis.
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