Answer :
Final answer:
Machines' efficiency is reduced due to work lost to friction, an inclined plane reduces effort force by increasing force application distance, and information gathering through senses is observation in the scientific method.
Explanation:
Efficiency of a machine is always less than 100% due to lost work to friction. Real machines have efficiency output as output work divided by input work, impacted by friction losses.
An inclined plane reduces effort force by increasing the distance through which force is applied, making work easier by changing the force-distance relationship.
The process of gathering information through senses is observation, a key step before analysis and hypothesis in scientific methods.
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