Homologous, Vestigial, and Analogous Structures in Evolution
Homologous structures are anatomical features that are similar in structure but may have different functions. An example is the pentadactyl limb structure seen in vertebrates, including humans, cats, whales, and bats.
Vestigial structures are remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an organism's ancestors but are reduced in size or have no apparent function now. An example is the human tailbone (coccyx), which is a remnant of a tail that our evolutionary ancestors had.
Analogous structures are structures that perform similar functions but are not evolutionarily related. For example, the wings of birds and insects are analogous structures as they both evolved independently for flight.
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