Answer :
Final answer:
Genotypes and phenotypes are linked in genetics, Punnett squares help predict offspring traits, mutations influence allele variation.
Explanation:
Genotypes and phenotypes are connected in dominant and recessive gene systems. The genotypes determine the genetic makeup, while the phenotypes are the observable physical traits.
In a monohybrid cross, a Punnett square is used to calculate the expected proportions of genotypes and phenotypes in offspring. A test cross is performed to determine the genotype of an individual expressing a dominant trait.
Mutations can lead to variations in alleles, which can affect natural selection and introduce chance events in genetic inheritance.
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