Answer :
Final answer:
Disease and starvation were the primary causes of death during the Middle Passage, with slaves enduring inhumane conditions leading to high mortality rates.
Explanation:
Disease and starvation were the dangerous conditions that most contributed to the deaths of countless people during the Middle Passage. Slaves faced inhumane conditions, such as shipboard infections, close quarters, dysentery, chafing leading to severe injuries, rapes, whippings, and diseases like smallpox.
Historical accounts like those of Alexander Falconbridge and Olaudah Equiano vividly describe the horrific experiences endured by slaves on slave ships, depicting the harsh realities of the Middle Passage.
The mortality rate on board the ships was around 16%, with an additional 5% dying during quarantine periods upon reaching the destination, culminating in about 20% of all slaves perishing during the voyage.
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