Final answer:
The first permanent European colony in Africa was established by the Portuguese in Angola in 1575.
Explanation:
The first permanent European colony in Africa was established by the Portuguese in Angola in 1575. This colony was located south of the powerful Kongo kingdom on the West African coast. Unlike the Portuguese, other European powers like the British, French, and Dutch were able to establish colonies throughout the entire African continent by the end of the 18th century.
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