Answer :
Answer:Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives. It is characterized by several key features:
Popular Sovereignty: In a democracy, the ultimate source of political authority resides in the people. The government derives its legitimacy from the consent of the governed, and decisions are made in accordance with the will of the majority.
Political Equality: Democracy promotes the principle of political equality, where each citizen has an equal voice and opportunity to participate in the political process. This includes the right to vote, run for office, express opinions, and access information.
Rule of Law: Democracy is governed by the rule of law, which means that laws apply equally to all individuals, including government officials. This ensures accountability, prevents arbitrary exercise of power, and protects the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Civil Liberties: Democracies uphold civil liberties and individual rights, including freedom of speech, assembly, religion, press, and due process. These rights are enshrined in constitutions or legal frameworks and are protected from infringement by the government or other individuals.
Political Pluralism: Democracy accommodates diverse viewpoints and interests through political pluralism. Multiple political parties, interest groups, and civil society organizations compete for power and influence, fostering debate, compromise, and representation of different perspectives.
Free and Fair Elections: Elections are a cornerstone of democracy, providing a mechanism for citizens to choose their leaders and hold them accountable. Elections must be free from coercion, fraud, and manipulation, and conducted on a regular basis with universal suffrage and equal opportunity for participation.
Independent Judiciary: Democracies have an independent judiciary that serves as a check on the executive and legislative branches of government. The judiciary interprets laws, resolves disputes, and safeguards constitutional rights, ensuring that the government operates within the bounds of the law.
Civic Participation: Democracy encourages active civic participation and engagement among citizens. This includes not only voting in elections but also engaging in political discourse, advocacy, community organizing, and voluntary associations to influence public policy and decision-making.
Overall, democracy is characterized by a commitment to popular sovereignty, political equality, rule of law, civil liberties, political pluralism, free and fair elections, an independent judiciary, and civic participation. These features collectively promote accountable and responsive governance, safeguard individual rights and freedoms, and foster a vibrant and inclusive political culture
