Vertebrates have closed circulatory systems while invertebrates may have open systems. Vertebrate circulatory systems are well-organized and have evolved for efficient oxygen delivery.
Vertebrates have closed circulatory systems where blood flows through vessels. They have a heart with multiple chambers (2, 3, or 4). In contrast, invertebrates may have open circulatory systems where blood comes in direct contact with tissues.
Organization of vertebrate circulatory systems includes arteries, veins, and capillaries, with the heart pumping blood to the entire body. Evolution of the vertebrate circulatory system has led to more efficient oxygen delivery in higher vertebrates.
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