To determine the Arrhenius base and acid in the given reaction, we need to understand the Arrhenius definitions:
1. An Arrhenius base is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH⁻).
2. An Arrhenius acid is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺).
Given the reaction:
[tex]\[ \text{KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H}_2\text{O(l) + KCl(aq)} \][/tex]
Let's analyze the reactants:
1. KOH (Potassium hydroxide):
- When KOH dissolves in water, it dissociates to produce potassium ions (K⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻).
- According to the Arrhenius definition, because KOH increases the concentration of OH⁻ ions in solution, KOH is classified as a base.
2. HCl (Hydrochloric acid):
- When HCl dissolves in water, it dissociates to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻).
- According to the Arrhenius definition, because HCl increases the concentration of H⁺ ions in solution, HCl is classified as an acid.
Therefore, based on the reaction and the Arrhenius definitions:
- The Arrhenius base in the reaction is KOH.
- The Arrhenius acid in the reaction is HCl.
