Final answer:
Managers consider costs, demand, and profit maximization when adopting pricing policies. Pricing strategies include price discrimination, package pricing, and bidding strategies.
Explanation:
Factors Considered in Pricing Policy Adoption by Managers:
- Costs and Demand: Managers must consider production costs and market demand when setting prices.
- Profit Maximization: The goal is to maximize the firm's profit by choosing the right price or quantity to sell.
- Market Research: Understanding consumer price sensitivities and elasticities through research.
Examples of Pricing Strategies:
- Third-Degree Price Discrimination: Offering discounts to different customer groups like students or quantity discounts in grocery stores.
- Package Pricing: Bundling products together, contractual tie-in sales, and captive-product pricing for strategic pricing.
- Bidding Strategies: Adopting strategies like penetration pricing or setting high prices for positioning in the market.
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