Thermal energy is the average kinetic energy in a substance, internal energy is the total energy in a system, temperature is the average kinetic energy measure, and heat is the transfer of thermal energy.
Thermal energy is the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance, while internal energy is the sum of all energies present in a system. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance, and heat is the thermal energy that flows between substances.
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