Rotation is when a body spins on its axis, while revolution is when one object orbits another. The Earth rotates daily and revolves around the Sun yearly, while the Moon's synchronous rotation allows us to see only one side.
Rotation occurs when a body spins around an internal axis, like the Earth's daily spinning creating night and day. Revolution happens when one object orbits around another, for example, the Moon revolving around the Earth monthly.
When considering the Earth-Moon-Sun system, the Earth rotates on its axis daily and revolves around the Sun annually. The Moon, with synchronous rotation, rotates at the same rate it revolves around the Earth, hence why we always see the same side.
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