Final answer:
Meiosis allows for a large number of possible homologous chromosome alignments through independent assortment, leading to genetic diversity in offspring.
Explanation:
During meiosis, the number of homologous chromosome alignments possible for independent assortment can be calculated using 2^n, where n is the haploid number of chromosomes. This means there are multiple possible combinations of maternal and paternal homologues. For example, in humans with 23 chromosome pairs, there are over eight million possible alignments, allowing for genetic diversity.
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