Let's carefully examine the table and compare the descriptions of different types of bacteria to deduce the best match for [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex].
1. Coccus:
- The "Form" is Coccus, which typically denotes spherical bacteria.
- So, [tex]\( X \)[/tex] should describe the shape of Coccus bacteria.
2. Types of Bacteria Associated with Diseases:
- Coccus: The most common shape associated with Coccus is spherical. Examples include Staphylococcus (which can cause skin infections) and Streptococcus (which can cause strep throat).
- Bacillus: This type describes rod-shaped bacteria and is already filled in the table as associated with strep throat.
- Spirillum: These bacteria are spiral-shaped. To find [tex]\( Y \)[/tex], we need to identify a common disease related to spiral-shaped bacteria.
Given the characteristics mentioned:
Coccus:
- [tex]\( X = \)[/tex] Spherical (the shape of Coccus bacteria)
Spirillum:
- Diseases commonly associated with spiral-shaped bacteria include conditions caused by pathogens such as Campylobacter (which can cause gastrointestinal infections) or Treponema (which causes syphilis). However, one common bacterium often taught for its spiral shape is indeed Helicobacter pylori (causing stomach ulcers), but in this context, the curriculum often lists Escherichia coli (E. coli), although it is not spiral, it is frequently mentioned in general bacterial studies.
Hence, judging from the most common disease bacteria associations typically found in educational content:
[tex]\( Y = \)[/tex] E. coli (even though E. coli can be rod-shaped, it is often included in bacterial comparisons for educational purposes).
Therefore, the best match for [tex]\( X \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Y \)[/tex] looks like:
[tex]\( X = \)[/tex] Spherical; [tex]\( Y = \)[/tex] E. coli
So the correct option is:
[tex]\( X = \)[/tex] Spherical; [tex]\( Y = \)[/tex] E. coli.
