Answer :
Final answer:
Artificial selection by dog breeders involves choosing specific traits for breeding, while natural selection is driven by environmental factors affecting survival and reproduction, shaping evolutionary changes. Darwin's theory of natural selection stems from observations of artificial selection.
Explanation:
Artificial selection is the principle by which dog breeders choose specific traits, such as long necks in dogs, to breed. This process leads to the development of different breeds with desired characteristics, showcasing the influence of human selection on gene expression within a population.
Natural selection is a concept introduced by Darwin, where organisms with advantageous traits survive and reproduce, leading to evolutionary changes over time. In contrast to artificial selection, natural selection is driven by environmental factors rather than human intervention.
Through his observations of artificial selection, Darwin was able to formulate his theory of evolution by natural selection, highlighting the role of selective pressures in shaping the diversity of life forms on Earth.
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