Select all the correct answers.

A particular plant has two alleles that control the length of its stem. [tex]$ T $[/tex] represents the dominant allele that codes for a tall stem, and [tex]$ t $[/tex] represents the recessive allele that codes for a short stem. Based on the Punnett squares, which two statements are true about the genotype of the plant's stem length?

First Generation:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & t & t \\
\hline T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

Second Generation:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & T & t \\
\hline T & TT & Tt \\
\hline t & Tt & tt \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

- Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- Plants with tall stems are always homozygous for that trait.
- Both parent plants in the second generation are heterozygous.
- Both parent plants in the second generation are homozygous.

Question

12-06-2024
Biology

Answered

Select all the correct answers.

A particular plant has two alleles that control the length of its stem. [tex]$ T $[/tex] represents the dominant allele that codes for a tall stem, and [tex]$ t $[/tex] represents the recessive allele that codes for a short stem. Based on the Punnett squares, which two statements are true about the genotype of the plant's stem length?

First Generation:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & t & t \\
\hline T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline T & Tt & Tt \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

Second Generation:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline & T & t \\
\hline T & TT & Tt \\
\hline t & Tt & tt \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]

- Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- Plants with tall stems are always homozygous for that trait.
- Both parent plants in the second generation are heterozygous.
- Both parent plants in the second generation are homozygous.

Answer :

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GinnyAnswer GinnyAnswer · Answer 1 · 2024-06-12T10:01:40-04:00

Let's analyze each statement carefully to determine their validity based on the information provided about the genotypes of the plants.

### Statement 1: Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
In genetics, a recessive trait (in this case, short stems represented by [tex]$ t $[/tex]) is expressed only when an organism has two copies of the recessive allele, i.e., [tex]$ tt $[/tex].
- Conclusion: This statement is true because only homozygous [tex]$ tt $[/tex] will show short stems.

### Statement 2: Plants with tall stems are always homozygous for that trait.
Tall stems can be represented by either the genotype [tex]$ TT $[/tex] (homozygous dominant) or [tex]$ Tt $[/tex] (heterozygous), since the allele [tex]$ T $[/tex] is dominant over [tex]$ t $[/tex].
- Conclusion: This statement is false because tall stems can also be heterozygous [tex]$ Tt $[/tex].

### Statement 3: Both parent plants in second generation are heterozygous.
Here, we need to examine the Punnett square for the second generation:
[tex]\[ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline Second Generation & $T$ & $t$ \\ \hline $T$ & $TT$ & $Tt$ \\ \hline $t$ & $Tt$ & $tt$ \\ \hline \end{tabular} \][/tex]
From this Punnett square, the genotypes of the parent plants are [tex]$ Tt $[/tex] and [tex]$Tt$[/tex].
- Conclusion: This statement is true because both parents are indeed heterozygous (Tt).

### Statement 4: Both parent plants in second generation are homozygous.
As addressed in the above analysis, the parents in the second generation are [tex]$ Tt $[/tex] and [tex]$ Tt $[/tex]. Given that they are heterozygous, they are not homozygous.
- Conclusion: This statement is false because neither of the parent plants are homozygous (neither [tex]$ TT $[/tex] nor [tex]$ tt $[/tex]).

### Summary
Based on the detailed step-by-step analysis:
- Correct Statements:
- Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.
- Both parent plants in the second generation are heterozygous.

Thus, the correct answers are:

Plants with short stems are homozygous for that trait.

Both parent plants in second generation are heterozygous.