Let's analyze the equation and interpret the states of the substances involved in the reaction carefully:
[tex]\[ CuCO_3 (s) + 2 HCl (aq) \rightarrow CuCl_2 (aq) + H_2O (l) + CO_2 (g) \][/tex]
1. Reactants:
- [tex]\( CuCO_3 \)[/tex] is a solid (s).
- [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] is in an aqueous solution (aq).
2. Products:
- [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex] is in an aqueous solution (aq).
- [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] is a liquid (l).
- [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex] is a gas (g).
Now let's evaluate the statements:
A. "Exactly one product and two reactants are either liquid or dissolved in water."
- The reactants: [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] is aqueous. [tex]\( CuCO_3 \)[/tex] is a solid.
- The products: [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex] is aqueous. [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex] is a liquid.
- There are two products that are liquid or dissolved in water ([tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex]) and ([tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]), not exactly one.
B. "Exactly one of the reactants is in a water-based solution, but none of the products are."
- This statement is incorrect because [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex] is in an aqueous solution, meaning one of the products is in a water-based solution.
C. "The reactants include both a liquid and a gas."
- Neither of the reactants [tex]\( CuCO_3 \)[/tex] (solid) and [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] (aqueous) is a gas. Hence, this statement is incorrect.
D. "Exactly one reactant is a solid, and exactly one product is a gas."
- This statement is correct. [tex]\( CuCO_3 \)[/tex] is a solid reactant, and [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex] is a gaseous product.
E. "The products include a solid, a liquid, and a gas."
- This statement is incorrect because the products include an aqueous solution ([tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex]), a liquid ([tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]), and a gas ([tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex]), but not a solid.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
D. Exactly one reactant is a solid, and exactly one product is a gas.
