The Middle Passage subjected enslaved Africans to brutal conditions, including shackling, malnutrition, and overcrowding.
Conditions of the 'middle passage' included:
The Middle Passage was a horrific journey where enslaved Africans endured extreme suffering, including infections, close quarters, dysentery, skin chafing, rapes, whippings, and diseases like smallpox. Historians describe it as an epitome of enslavement's brutality.
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