Final answer:
The hippocampus is essential for memory formation, while the amygdala is crucial for emotional learning and fear memories.
Explanation:
The hippocampus is the area of the brain associated with memory formation. It plays a vital role in the long-term consolidation of memories, spatial navigation, and creating associations between contextual cues and events.
The amygdala, on the other hand, is crucial for emotional learning and behaviors, particularly fear and fear memories.
Damage to the hippocampus can result in memory deficits, and it is linked to conditions like Alzheimer's disease and amnesia caused by oxygen deprivation.
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