Final answer:
The troposphere is where 80% of the atmosphere's gas resides, controlling weather events and influencing climatic processes.
Explanation:
The layer of the atmosphere where 80 percent of the gas resides is the troposphere. This layer extends up to 12 km above sea level and is where most weather events originate due to its proximity to the Earth's surface. The troposphere contains the majority of the Earth's atmosphere by mass and plays a significant role in climatic processes.
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