Let's address each question using the given data from the table.
1. Which material has the highest specific heat?
To determine the material with the highest specific heat, we need to compare the specific heat values of all the materials listed in the table:
- aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- water: 4.18 J/g°C
The highest value among these is for water, with a specific heat of 4.18 J/g°C. Therefore, the material with the highest specific heat is:
Answer: Water
2. Which material has the lowest specific heat?
To find the material with the lowest specific heat, we need to again compare the specific heat values of all the materials listed in the table:
- aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- water: 4.18 J/g°C
The lowest value among these is for lead, with a specific heat of 0.16 J/g°C. Therefore, the material with the lowest specific heat is:
Answer: Lead
3. Which material has the ability to absorb twice as much heat as aluminum when placed in the same environment of mass and temperature?
We need to identify a material that has a specific heat closest to twice that of aluminum. First, let's calculate twice the specific heat value of aluminum:
Specific heat of aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
Twice this specific heat is: [tex]\( 0.90 \times 2 = 1.80 \)[/tex] J/g°C
Now, we look for the material with a specific heat value nearest to 1.80 J/g°C from the given table:
- aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- water: 4.18 J/g°C
The material with a specific heat value of 1.80 J/g°C is wood. Therefore, the material that can absorb twice as much heat as aluminum is:
Answer: Wood
