What keeps an action potential continuing down an axon?

A. At each successive node of the axon, the action potential is regenerated by depolarization and the movement of ions across the axon's membrane.
B. Neurotransmitters are constantly being released to generate the action potential at each successive node of the axon.
C. Action potentials are conducted down the axon just as electricity is conducted through a wire.
D. Ion channels open and close at the nodes of Ranvier, allowing neurotransmitters to enter the axon and regenerate an action potential at each node.

The continuity of sodium-potassium channels, saltatory conduction in myelinated axons, and the role of ion channels in depolarization are crucial in maintaining and propagating an action potential down an axon.

Explanation:

A continuous series of opening and closing of sodium-potassium channels and pumps - The propagation of an electrical impulse (action potential) down an axon consists of a continuous series of opening and closing of sodium-potassium channels and pumps. The action potential moves like a wave from one end (dendritic end) to the terminal end of the axon.

Saltatory conduction - In myelinated axons, the action potential jumps from one Node of Ranvier to the next, leading to faster propagation speeds. Nodes of Ranvier allow the action potential to be regenerated along the axon.

Ion channels and depolarization - The movement of ions across the axon's membrane, along with depolarization and repolarization, are essential for sustaining the action potential and ensuring its propagation down the axon.

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