A scientist is trying to determine how closely related a moth species (Species Z) is to four other moth species (Species A, B, C, and D). He examined the DNA of each species and created this table:

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
Species & Number of Genetic Differences \\
\hline
Species A & 12 \\
\hline
Species B & 3 \\
\hline
Species C & 14 \\
\hline
Species D & 28 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Which species is most closely related to Species Z?

A. Species A
B. Species B
C. Species C
D. Species D



Answer :

To determine which species is most closely related to the moth Species Z, we'll need to look for the species with the fewest genetic differences compared to Species Z. Here's a detailed step-by-step solution:

1. Identify the genetic differences for each species:
- Species A has 12 genetic differences.
- Species B has 3 genetic differences.
- Species C has 14 genetic differences.
- Species D has 28 genetic differences.

2. Compare the genetic differences to find the smallest number:
- Species A: 12
- Species B: 3
- Species C: 14
- Species D: 28

3. Determine which number is the smallest:
- Between 12, 3, 14, and 28, the smallest number is 3.

4. Identify which species corresponds to the smallest number of genetic differences:
- The species with 3 genetic differences is Species B.

Therefore, the species that is most closely related to the moth Species Z is Species B.