African slavery replaced indentured servitude in the Chesapeake colonies due to economic reasons, legislation, and social tensions.
One reason for African slavery replacing indentured servitude in the late seventeenth century in the Chesapeake colonies was the economic superiority of the slave system. The demand for labor increased due to stability in colonial life and the diminishing availability of free land for English colonists, making slavery more profitable for tobacco planters.
Legislation in Virginia and Maryland further solidified the shift towards African slavery by making slavery hereditable, discriminating against former indentured servants.
The rising tensions and rebellious nature of indentured servants also contributed to the preference for African slaves as a more stable labor force.
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