Final answer:
Antoine Lavoisier, known as the 'father of modern chemistry', explained the role of oxygen in combustion and respiration, advancing the understanding of chemical reactions.
Explanation:
Antoine Lavoisier, often referred to as the 'father of modern chemistry', was a French chemist who made significant contributions to the field. He was the first scientist to explain the role of oxygen in combustion and respiration. Lavoisier's work paved the way for the understanding of the law of conservation of matter and the qualitative to quantitative shift in chemistry.
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