Final answer:
Social constructionism and queer theory challenge fixed categories of identity based on societal constructs rather than biological determinants.
Explanation:
Social constructionism is a theory that challenges essentialist categories, emphasizing that characteristics like gender and race are not fixed. Queer theory questions societal norms and binary classifications of sexuality and gender, advocating for fluid interpretations. It asserts that categories are socially constructed and not biologically determined, highlighting the shifting nature of identities.
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