To determine the correct ratio of moles of the substances in the chemical equation, let's closely examine the balanced chemical reaction provided:
[tex]\[ 2 \text{Ag} (s) + \text{I}_2 (s) \rightarrow 2 \text{AgI} (s) \][/tex]
In a balanced chemical equation, the coefficients in front of each substance denote the number of moles of that substance involved in the reaction. These coefficients are essential to understanding the quantitative relationships between the reactants and the products.
Let's list the coefficients from the balanced equation:
1. For silver (Ag) on the left side of the equation, the coefficient is 2. This indicates that 2 moles of silver (Ag) are required.
2. For iodine (I_2) on the left side of the equation, the coefficient is 1. This indicates that 1 mole of iodine (I_2) is required.
3. For silver iodide (AgI) on the right side of the equation, the coefficient is 2. This indicates that 2 moles of silver iodide (AgI) are produced.
Therefore, the correct ratio of moles of the substances in the chemical equation is:
[tex]\[ 2 \text{ moles Ag : 1 mole I}_2 \text{ : 2 moles AgI} \][/tex]
This ratio corresponds to the last option given:
[tex]\[ 2 \text{ moles Ag : 1 mole I}_2 \text{ : 2 moles AgI} \][/tex]
So, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ 2 \text{ moles Ag : 1 mole I}_2 \text{ : 2 moles AgI} \][/tex]
