Final answer:
Long-term memory stores memories for extended periods, while short-term memory holds immediate information. Frequent exposure and active engagement help transfer information from short-term to long-term memory effectively.
Explanation:
Long-term memory (LTM) is where memories are stored for extended periods, from days to years. These memories can be declarative (facts and events) or non-declarative (automated skills). Long-term memory capacity has no limits, unlike short-term memory, and encompasses a wide range of information, experiences, and skills.
In contrast, short-term memory (STM) or working memory holds a limited amount of information for immediate use. Working memory requires conscious effort and attention. The information from short-term memory needs to be encoded and transferred into long-term memory to retain it for an extended period.
During the process of moving information from short-term memory to long-term memory, frequent exposure, repetition, and manipulation of information are essential. Active engagement with the material, such as summarizing or outlining, helps in retaining information effectively.
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