2. Which process occurring in the Sun produces energy by converting lighter hydrogen into heavier helium?

A. radiation
B. conduction
C. radioactive decay
D. nuclear fusion

3. Compared to the sizes and periods of revolution of the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets have:

A. smaller sizes and shorter periods of revolution
B. smaller sizes and longer periods of revolution
C. larger sizes and shorter periods of revolution
D. larger sizes and longer periods of revolution



Answer :

Final answer:

Nuclear fusion in the Sun produces vast amounts of energy by converting hydrogen into helium. Jovian planets are larger in size and have longer periods of revolution compared to terrestrial planets.


Explanation:

Nuclear fusion is the process in the Sun where hydrogen nuclei are converted into helium nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy. This process is the principal source of energy in the Sun, generating about 3.6 × 10¹¹ kJ of energy per mole of helium produced. Compared to nuclear fission and chemical combustion, fusion in the Sun is millions of times more energy-efficient.

The Jovian planets, like Jupiter and Saturn, have larger sizes and longer periods of revolution compared to the terrestrial planets. Their immense size and distance from the Sun result in longer orbital periods.


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