The prepositional phrase 'to the front door' functions as an adverbial phrase indicating the location of the dog's action.
The prepositional phrase, to the front door, in the sentence Hearing the key in the lock the delighted dog dashed to the front door is used as an adverbial phrase. It answers the question 'Where did the dog dash?' by providing the location.
Adverbial prepositional phrases explain when, where, why, or how an action is performed. They can be movable depending on the context, indicating time, place, or manner.
In this sentence, the prepositional phrase modifies the verb 'dashed' by specifying the direction of the dog's action.
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