The sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea has become increasingly resistant to treatment with antibiotics. What is the most likely scientific explanation?

A. Antibiotic-sensitive gonorrhea bacteria died out, but antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea bacteria survived and multiplied.
B. The gonorrhea bacteria changed their genes when they sensed antibiotics.
C. The gonorrhea bacteria learned to avoid antibiotics.
D. The antibiotic decreased the mutation rate in the gonorrhea bacteria.

Question

20-06-2024
Biology

Answered

The sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea has become increasingly resistant to treatment with antibiotics. What is the most likely scientific explanation?

A. Antibiotic-sensitive gonorrhea bacteria died out, but antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea bacteria survived and multiplied.
B. The gonorrhea bacteria changed their genes when they sensed antibiotics.
C. The gonorrhea bacteria learned to avoid antibiotics.
D. The antibiotic decreased the mutation rate in the gonorrhea bacteria.

Answer :

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Final answer:

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive and multiply, genetic changes contribute to resistance, and population-level resistance emerges due to selective pressure.

Explanation:

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive and multiply while antibiotic-sensitive bacteria die out due to the selective pressure of antibiotics. This phenomenon occurs through natural selection, where the resistant bacteria have a survival advantage.

As bacteria evolve through genetic changes, they develop resistance to antibiotics, which they pass on to their descendants. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have accelerated this process of resistance.

Population-level resistance emerges when some bacteria carry resistance genes and survive antibiotic treatment, leading to the proliferation of resistant strains and making treatment of infections more challenging.

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