Answer :
Final answer:
Overlay analysis combines multiple layers of geographic data to create a composite output in GIS through spatially overlaying thematic maps.
Explanation:
Overlay analysis is the spatial analytical method that combines multiple layers of geographic data to create a composite output. It involves placing thematic maps on top of one another to form a new map, incorporating both spatial features and attribute information.
Common overlay operations include union, intersection, symmetrical difference, and identity. In GIS, overlay processes are used with both vector and raster data to generate new output datasets.
By overlaying various data layers, complex spatial questions can be answered, such as determining the optimal location for a new shopping mall by analyzing factors like land availability, economic opportunity, and development restrictions.
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