In Durkheim's theory, as societies modernize, there is a shift from mechanical to organic solidarity, leading to changes like the disappearance of the death penalty and elimination of mechanical social sanctions.
As societies become more fully modern in character, the death penalty may entirely disappear as a reflection of the shift from mechanical to organic solidarity. Durkheim hypothesized that mechanical social sanctions will be eliminated, replaced by organic forms of social order based on economic and social differences. This transition signifies a movement away from punitive measures towards a more restitutive approach.
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