Which of the following statements would NOT be proper to make if you conducted correlational research on the relationship between studying and grades?

A. Better grades are the result of more studying.
B. People who study less have lower grades.
C. People with lower grades tend to study less.
D. People who study more have higher grades.

Correlation is a statistical measure that shows the degree of relationship between two variables. In correlational research on the relationship between studying and grades, a statement like 'Better grades are the result of more studying' would not be proper to make because correlation does not imply causation.

In a negative correlation, as the number of hours spent watching TV before an exam increases, the grade on the exam decreases. Thus, a statement like 'People who study less have lower grades' illustrates a negative correlation.

When conducting correlational research, it is crucial to understand that correlation does not prove causation, and drawing causal relationships based solely on correlational data can lead to errors in research conclusions.

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